"MICROSCOPY"
the use of miscoscopes

"MICROSCOPE"
optical instrument used to enlarge (the appearance of) small objects

"MAGNIFICATION"
how big the object appears -or-
number of times an object's appearance is reduced or enlarged

"RESOLUTION"
how clear the magnified image is -or-
smallest distance (d) between two points resolvable as separate points when viewed through lenses

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Proponents (Scientists)

Zacharias Jansen (1590)
--- a Dutch maker of spectacles
--- first compound microscope

Antony van Leeuwenhoek
--- first to make extensive use of microscope
--- used simple microscope

Robert Hooke
--- improved on compound microscope
--- known for microscopic studies of biological specimens

Ernst Abbe
--- improved on microscopic lenses

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Types

Compound Microscope
--- uses two separate lens systems

Simple Microscope
--- uses only one lens (approx. max. magnification 300x-500x)
--- hard to use because of problems with source of light

Transmission Electron Microscope
--- useful for viewing dead specimens (sepcimens have to be spliced and stained)
--- uses electrons as source of light
--- up to 200,000x to 1,000,000x magnification

Phase-Contrast Microscope
--- useful for viewing live specimens (transparent specimens, without staining, can be viewed)

Polarizing Microscope
--- useful for differentiating between different types of materials embedded in substances

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Parts

(drawing coming soon)

Lenses
--- Ocular Piece / Eyepiece (5x-10x magnification)
--- Objective

• LPO (Low-powered objective) (approx. 10x magnification)
• HPO (High-powered objective) (approx. 40x magnification)
• OIO (Oil immersion objective) (approx. 90x magnification)

Body Tube

Revolving Nosepiece (holds objectives)

Stage (holds specimen)

Condenser (filters light)

Mirror (light source)

Course/Fine Adjustment Knobs (moves the body tube closer to/farther from specimen)

Base